Thiolphosphoric acid esters

ABSTRACT

New thiolphosphoric acid esters, their manufacture and use as pesticides is disclosed. The compounds correspond to the formula   WHEREIN R1 represents methyl or ethyl, R2 represents n-pentyl, sec. pentyl, or methoxyethyl and R3 and R4 each represents methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy or n-hexyloxy, and are effective against insects and representatives of the order Acarina.

[ Jan. 7, 1975 I 1 THIOLPHOSPHORIC ACID ESTERS [75] Inventor: Ernest Beriger,Allschwi1,

Switzerland [73] Assignee: Ciba-Giegy Corporation, Ardsley,

[22] Filed: Apr. 25, I973 [21] Appl. No.: 354,614

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Apr. 27. l972 Switzerland 6265/72 Mar. 15. 1973 Switzerland 3775/73 [521 US. Cl 260/942, 260/978, 260/979, 260/989, 424/212 [51] Int. Cl. A0ln 9/36, C07f 9/16 [58] Field of Search 260/942 [56] References Cited UNITEDSTATES PATENTS 2,713,018 7/1955 Johnson 260/942 X 3,309,371 3/1967 DuBreuil et a]. 260/942 X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1,001,065 8/1965 Great Britain 260/942 Primary Examiner-Lorraine A. Weinberger Assistant Examiner-Richard L. Raymond Attorney, Agent, or FirmFrederick H. Rabin; Karl F. Jorda [57] ABSTRACT New thiolphosphoric acid esters, their manufacture and use as pesticides is disclosed. The compounds correspond to the formula wherein R, represents methyl or ethyl, R represents n-pentyl, sec. pentyl, or methoxyethyl and R and R, each represents methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy or n-hexyloxy, and are effective against insects and representatives of the order Acarina.

7 Claims, No Drawings 1 THIOLPHOSPHORIC ACID ESTERS The present invention relates to thiolphosphoric acid esters, processes for their manufacuture, and to their use in pest control.

The thiolphosphoric acid esters have the formula RgS CHt-CO R4 (1) wherein R, represents methyl or ethyl, R represents n-pentyl, sec.pentyl, or methoxyethyl and R and R each represents methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy or n-hexyloxy.

Preferred compounds on account of their activity are those of the formula 1, wherein R, represents methyl or ethyl, R represents methoxyethyl, and R and R represent methoxy, ethoxy or isopropoxy.

Analogous compounds are described as insecticides in German Patent No. 1,164,408, but compared with these, the compounds of the formula 1 display a surprisingly better activity against insects, in particular against eating and sucking insects.

It is possible to manufacture the compounds of the formula 1 by the following methods described e.g. in US. Pat. No. 2,578,652:

(1) RIO o i -sN Hal-OH-COR; I

ms H,-COR| 11) (III) (2) l -SH CHO0R| I n,sn-coa.

(IV) (V) (a) mo s i -s-cH-com R1O(HJSM (vm mo H -COR4 01' MSR1 (VIII) (V1) or ms 1x) B11181 r 1n the formulae 11 to X1, R, to R, have the meanings given for the formula 1, R represents alkyl with l to 4 carbon atoms, X represents oxygen or sulphur, Hal represents chlorine, bromine, or iodine, and M represents ammonium, alkylammonium with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, or alkali metal.

In reaction 1 it is sometimes necessary to use catalysts, e.g. potassium iodide. Reaction 2 is initiated by using ultraviolet light, peroxides, e.g. hydrogen peroxide, or hydroquinone. Reactions 1 to 4 are carried out at a reaction temperature between 0 and 90C, in particular at 20 to 60C, at normal pressure and in sol vents or diluents,

Examples of suitable solvents or diluents are: ethers and ethereal compounds, such as diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, dioxan, tetrahydrofuran; amides, such as N ,N -dia|kylated carboxylic amides; aliphatic, aromatic, and halogenated hydrocarbons, in particular benzene,

toluene, xylene, chloroform, chlorobenzene; nitriles, such as acetonitrile; dimethyl sulphoxide, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, water. Ethanol is also suitable for processes 3 and 4.

The starting materials of the formulae [1, 1V and V1 can be manufactured in analogous manner to known methods, e.g. those described in Organic Reactions 11, pages 1 to 48.

The compounds of the formula 1 have a broad biocidal activity spectrum and can be used for combating diverse kinds of plant and animal pests.

The compounds of the formula I possess in particular insecticidal and acaricidal properties and can be used against all development stages, e.g. eggs, larvae, pupae, nymphs, and adults of insects and representatives of the order Acarina, for example against insects of the families: Tetigonidae, Gryllidae, Gryllotalpidae, Blattidae, Peduviidae, Phyrrohocoriae, Cimicidae, Delphacidae, Aphididae, Diaspididae, Pseudococcidae, Scarabaeidae, Dermestidae, Coccinellidae, Tenebrionidae, Chrysomelidae, Bruchidae, Tineidae, Noctuidae, Lymatriidae, Pyralidae, Culcidae, Tipulidae, Stomoxydae, Trypetidae, Muscidae, Calliphoridae and Pulicidae, also Acarida of the families lxodidae, Argasidae, Tetranyehidae and Dermanyssidae. The insecticidal and/or acaricidal action can be substantially broadened and adapted to suit the particular circumstances by the addition of other insecticides and/or acaricides.

Suitable additives include, for example, the following active substances:

Organic phosphorus compounds Bis-0,0-diethylphosphoric acid anhydride (TEPP) Dimethyl-(2,2,2-trichloro-1 -hydroxyethyl)- phosphonate (TRlCHLORFON) l ,2-dibromo-2,2-dichloroethyldimethylphosphate (NALED) 2,2-dichlorovinyldimethylphosphate (DlCHLORVOS) Z-methoxycarbamyll -methylvinyldimethylphosphate (MEVINPHOS) Dimethyl-1-methyl-2-(methylcarbamoyl)- vinylphosphate cis (MONOCROTOPHOS) 3-(dimethoxyphosphinyloxy)-N,N-dimethyl-ciscrotonamide (DICROTOPHOS) 2-chloro-2-diethylcarbamoy1-1-methylvinyldimethylphosphate PHOSPH'AMIDON) 0,0-diethyl-0(or S)-2-(ethylthio)-ethylthiophosphate (DEMETON) S-ethylthioethyl-0,0-dimethyl-dithiophosphate (Tl-11- OMETON) 0,0-diethyl-S-ethylmercaptomethyldithiophosphate (PHORATE) 0,0-diethyl-S-2-(ethylthio)ethyldithiophosphate (D1- SULFOTON) 0,0-dimethyl-S-2-(ethylsulphinyl)ethylthiophosphate (OXYDEMETON METHYL) 0,0-dimethyl-S-( 1,2-dicarbethoxyethyldithiophosphate (MALATHION) 0,0,0,0-tetraethyl-S,S'-methylene-bisdithiophosphate (ETHION) O-ethyl-S,S-dipropyldithiophosphate 0,0-dimethyl-S-( N-methyl-N- formylcarbamoylmethyl)-dithiophosphate MOTHlON) 0,0-dimethy1-S-(N-methylcarbamoylmethyl)- dithiophosphate DIMETHOATE) (FOR- l,2,3,4,l0, l (l-hexachloro-l ,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydroendo-l ,4-exo-5,8-dimethanonaphthalene [ALDRlN] l ,2,3,4,10, l O-hexachloro-6,7-epoxy-l ,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8aoctahydro-exol ,4-endo- ,S-dimethanonapthalene [DIFLORIN] 1,2,3 ,4, l 0, l O-hexachloro-S ,7-epoxy-l ,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a octahydro-endo-endo-S,B-dimethanonaphthalene {EN- DRlN] The compounds of the formula I may be used as pure active substance or together with suitable carriers and- /or additives. Suitable carriers and additives can be solid or liquid and correspond to the substances conventionally used in formulation technique such, for example, as solvents, dispersants, wetting agents, adhesives, thickeners, binders and/or fertilisers.

For application, the compounds of the formula I may be processed to dusts, emulsion concentrates, granules, dispersions, sprays, to solutions, or suspensions, in the conventional formulation which is commonly employed in application technology. Mention may also be made of cattle dips and spray races, in which aqueous preparations are used.

The agents according to the invention are manufactured in known manner by intimately mixing and/or grinding active substances of the formula 1 with the suitable carriers, optionally with the addition of dispersants or solvents which are inert towards the active substances. The active substances may take, and be used in, the following form.

Solid forms:

Dusts, tracking agents, granules, coated granules, impregnated granules and homogeneous granules. Liquid forms:

a. active substances which are dispersible in water:

wettable powders, pasts, emulsions;

b. solutions.

To manufacture solid forms (dusts, tracking agents), the active substances are mixed with solid carriers. Suitable carriers are, for example: kaolin, talcum, bolus, loess, chalk, limestone, ground limestone, attaclay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, precipitated silica, alkaline earth silicates, sodium and potassium aluminium silicates (feldspar and mica), calcium and magnesium sulphates, magnesium oxide, ground synthetic materials, fertilisers, for example ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, urea, ground vegetable products, such as corn meal, bark dust, sawdust, nutshell meal, cellulose powder, residues of plant extractions, activated charcoal etc. These substances can either be used singly or in admixture with one another.

Granules can be very easily manufactured by dissolving an active substance of the formula I in an organic solvent and applying the resulting solution to a granulated material, for example attapulgite, SlO,, granicalcium, bentonite etc, and then evaporating the solvent.

Polymer granules can also be manufactured by mixing the active substances of the formula I with polymerisable compounds (urea/formaldehyde; dicyandiamide/formaldehyde; melamine/formaldehyde or others), whereupon a mild polymerisation is carried out that does not affect the active substances and in the process of which the granulation is carried out during the gel formation. It is more advantageous to impregnate finished, porous polymer granules (urea/formaldehyde, polyacrylonitrile, polyester or others) which have a specific surface area and a favourable predeterminable adsorption/desorption ratio, with the active substances, for example in the form of their solutions (in a low boiling solvent) and to remove the solvent. Polymer granules of this kind in the form of microgranules having a bulk density of 300 g/liter to 600 g/liter can also be manufactured with the aid of atomisers. The dusting can be carried out from aircraft over extensive areas of cultures of useful plants.

It is also possible to obtain granules by compacting the carrier with the active substance and carriers and subsequently comminuting the product.

To these mixtures can also be added additives which stabilise the active substance and/or non-ionic, anionic and cationic surface active substances, which, for example, improve the adhesion of the active ingredients on plants or parts of plants (adhesives and agglutinants) and/or ensure a better wettability (wetting agents) and dispersibility (dispersing agents). Examples of suitable adhesives are the following: olein/chalk mixture, cellulose derivatives (methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose), hydroxyethyl glycol ethers of monoalkyl and dialkyl phenols having 5 to 15 ethylene oxide radicals per molecule and 8 to 9 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, lignin sulphonic acids, their alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts, polyethylene glycol ethers (carbowaxes), fatty alcohol polyethylene glycol ethers having 5 to 20 ethylene oxide radicals per molecule and 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty alcohol moiety, condensation products of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polyvinyl alcohols, condensation products of urea and formaldehyde, and also latex products.

The water-dispersible concentrates of the active substance, i.e. wettable powders, pastes and emulsifiable concentrates, are agents which can be diluted with water to any concentration desired. They consist of active substance, carrier, optionally additives which stabilise the active substance, surface-active substance and anti-foam agents and, optionally, solvents.

wettable powders and pastes are obtained by mixing and grinding the active substances with dispersing agents and pulverulent carriers in suitable apparatus until homogeneity is attained. Suitable carriers are, for example, those mentioned for the solid forms of application. ln some cases it is advantageous to'use mixtures of different carriers. As dispersing agents there can be used, for example, condensation products of sulphonated naphthalene and sulphonated naphthalene derivatives with formaldehyde, condensation products of naphthalene or naphthalene sulphonic acids with phenol and formaldehyde, as well as alkali, ammonium and alkaline earth metal salts of lignin sulphonic acid, in addition, alkylaryl sulphonates, alkali and alkaline earth metal salts of dibutyl naphthalene sulphonic acid, fatty alcohol sulphates such as salts of sulphated hexadecanols, heptadecanols, octadecanols, and salts of sulphated fatty alcohol glycol ethers, the sodium salt of oleoyl ethionate, the sodium salts of oleoyl methyl tauride, ditertiary acetylene glycols, dialkyl dilauryl ammonium chloride and fatty acid alkali and alkaline earth metal salts.

Suitable anti-foam agents are silicones.

The active substances are mixed, ground, sieved and strained with the additives cited hereinabove, in such a manner that, the size of the solid particles does not exceed 0.02 to 0.04 p. in wettable powders, and 0.03 p. in pastes. To produce emulsiftable concentrates and pastes, dispersing agents such as those cited above, organic solvents, and water are used. Examples of suitable solvents are: alcohols, benzene, xylene, toluene, dimethyl sulphoxide, and mineral oil fractions which boil between 120 and 350C. The solvents must be practically odourless, not phytotoxic, and inert to the active substances.

Furthermore, the agents according to the invention can be applied in the form of solutions. For this purpose the active substances, or several active substances of the general formula 1, are dissolved in suitable organic solvents, mixtures of solvents or in water. Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated derivatives thereof, alkyl naphthalenes, and mineral oils, singly or in admixture with each other, can be used as organic solvents.

The content of active substance in the above described agents is between 0.l% to 95%, in which con nection it should be mentioned that, in the case of application from aircraft or some other suitable means of application, it is possible to use concentrations of up to 99.5% or even pure active substance.

The active substances of the formula 1 can, for example, be formulated as follows Dusts The following substances are used to manufacture (a) a and (b) a 2% dust:

a. 5 parts of active substance 95 parts of talcum b. 2 parts of active substance 1 part of highly disperse silicic acid 97 parts of talcum.

The active substances are mixed with the carriers and ground.

Granules The following substances are used to produce 5% granules:

5 parts of active substance,

0.25 parts of epichlorohydrin,

0.25 parts of cetyl polyglycol ether,

3.50 parts of polyethylene glycol,

91 parts of kaolin (particle size 0.3 0.8 mm).

The active substance is mixed with epichlorohydrin and dissolved with 6 parts of acetone; the polyethylene glycol and cetyl polyglycol ether are then added. The thus obtained solution is sprayed on kaolin, and the acetone subsequently evaporated in vacuo.

Wettable powder:

The following constituents are used for the preparation of (a) a 40%, (b) and (c) a 25%, and (d) a 10% wettable powder:

a. 40 parts of active substance,

5 parts of sodium lignin sulphonate,

1 part of sodium dibutyl-naphthalene sulphonate,

54 parts of silicic acid.

b. 25 parts of active substance,

4.5 parts of calcium lignin sulphonate,

1.9 parts of Champagne chalk/hydroxyethyl cellulose mixture (1:1),

1.5 parts of sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulphonate,

19.5 parts of silicic acid,

19.5 parts of Champagne chalk,

28.1 parts of kaolin.

c. 25 parts of active substance,

2.5 parts of isooctylphenoxy-polyoxyethyleneethanol,

1.7 parts of Champagne chalk/hydroxyethyl cellulose mixture (1:1),

8.3 parts of sodium aluminium silicate,

16.5 parts of kieselguhr,

5 46 parts of kaolin.

d. 10 parts of active substance,

3 parts of a mixture of the sodium salts of saturated fatty alcohol sulphates, 5 parts of naphthalenesulphonic acid/formalde- 10 hyde condensate,

82 parts of kaolin. The active substances are intimately mixed, in suitable mixers, with the additives, the mixture being then ground in the appropriate mills and rollers. Wettable l5 powders are obtained which can be diluted with water to give suspensions of any desired concentration.

Emulsifiable concentrates: The following substances are used to produce (a) a 10% and (b) a 25% emulsifiable concentrate:

a. 10 parts of active substance,

3.4 parts of epoxidised vegetable oil,

13.4 parts of a combination emulsifier consisting of fatty alcohol polyglycol ether and alkylarylsulphonate calcium salt,

parts of dimethylformamide,

EXAMPLE 1 Manufacture of the compound of the formula 25.4 g of potassium O-ethyl-S-methoxyethyldithiophosphate and 2 g of potassium iodide are given to 100 ml of acetonitrile. Then 25.3 g of bromosuccinic acid diethyl ester are added and the mixture is stirred overnight at room temperature and subsequently for 6 hours at 50C-60C. After the batch has cooled, the salts are filtered off with suction, the solution is evaporated in vacuo, and the residue is taken up in methylene chloride. The solution is washed successively with 50 ml of water, 50 m1 of normal sodium hydroxide solution, and 50 ml of water, and the solvent is removed in vacuo at 50C bath temperature, to leave as residue the active substance of the above described formula as a yellow oil with the refractive index n 1.4858. Yield:

26.3 g. The following compounds are also obtained in analogous manner.

Compounds Physical data n =1 4858 Crib-i I-SC II-CO 002115 (sec )C HnS CIIZ'COOCQIIS C2Hs-0 0 7ln =1 4953 EXAMPLE 2 A. Insecticidal ingest poison action Tobacco and potato plants were sprayed with a 0.05% aqueous active substance emulsion (obtained from a 10% emulsifiable concentrate.

After the coating had dried, the tabacco plants were populated with Spodoptera littoralis caterpillers in the L stage and Heliothis virescens caterpillers in the L stage and the potato plants with Colorado beetle larvae (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). The test was carried out at 24C and 60% relative humidity. In the above test, the compounds according to Example 1 displayed good ingest poison action against Spodoptera littoralis, Heliothis virescens and Leptinotarsa decemlineata.

B. Insecticidal contact action Rooted bean plants (victafaba) reared in pots were infected one day before the application with about 200 leaflice (Aphis fabae) per plant. The application to the leaves populated with the lice was carried out with a pressure spray using a spray broth in a concentration of I000 ppm (manufactured from a 25% wettable powder). Evaluation took place 24 hours after the application. In the above test the compounds according to Example l displayed good contact action against Aphis fabae.

EXAMPLE 3 Action against Chilo suppressalis Six rice plants at a time of the variety Caloro were transplanted in plastic pots (diameter at the top 17 cm) and reared to a height of about 60 cm. Infestation with Chilo suppressalis larvae (L,; 3-4 mm in length) took place 2 days after the active substance had been applied in granule form to the paddy water (rate of application: 8 kg of active substance per hectare). Evaluation of the insecticidal action ensued l0 days after application of the granules.

In the above test, the compounds according to Example I acted against Chilo suppressalis.

EXAM PLE 4 Action against ticks A. Rhipicephalus bursa Five adult ticks or 50 tick larvae were counted into a test tube and immersed for l to 2 minutes in 2 ml of an aqueous emulsion series each containing 100, l0, l and 0.l ppm of test substance. The tube was then sealed with a standardised cotton wool plug and stood on its head so as to enable the cotton wool to absorb the active substance emulsion.

In the case of the adults evaluation took place after 2 weeks, and in that of the larvae after 2 days. Each test was repeated twice.

B. Boophilus microplus (larvae) Tests were carried out with 20 sensitive and 20 GP resistant larvae with a dilution series analogous to that used in Test A. (The resistance refers to the tolerability of diazinon). In these tests, the compounds according to Example I acted against adults and larvae of Rhipicephalus bursa and sensitive and OP-resistant larvae of Boophilus microplus.

EXAMPLE 5 Action against spider mites Phaseolus vulgaris (plants) were overlaid with an infested piece of leaf from a mass culture of Tetranychus urticae 12 hours before the test for acaricidal action. The mobile stages which had spread over the plants were sprayed with the emulsified test preparations from a chromatography atomiser so that the spray broth did not run off. The number of living and dead larvae, adults and eggs were evaluated after 2 to 7 days under a stereoscopic microscope and the result was expressed in percentages. During the interim, the treated plants were kept in greenhouse compartments at 25C.

In the above test, the compounds according to Example I acted against adults larvae and eggs of Tetranychus urticae.

I claim:

I. A thiolphosphoric acid ester of the formula i CHi-COR,

wherein R represents methyl or ethyl, R, represents n-pentyl, sec. pentyl or methoxyethyl and R and R. each represents methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy or n-hexyloxy.

2. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R, is methoxyethyl.

3. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R and R are methoxy, ethoxy or isopropoxy.

4. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R, represents methoxyethyl and R and R. represent methoxy, ethoxy or isopropoxy.

O-ethyl-S-methoxyethyl-S-[1,2- bis( ethoxycarbonyl )-ethyl l-dithiophosphate according to claim 4.

6. O-ethyl-S-n-pentyl-S-l l,2-bis(methoxycarbonyl)- ethyl]-dithiophosphate according to claim 3.

7. O-ethyl-S-sec.-pentyl-S-[ l ,2-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)- ethyl]-dithiophosphate according to claim 3.

* i t t 

1. A THIOLPHOSPHORIC ACID ESTER OF THE FORMULA
 2. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R2 is methoxyethyl.
 3. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R3 and R4 are methoxy, ethoxy or isopropoxy.
 4. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R2 represents methoxyethyl and R3 and R4 represent methoxy, ethoxy or isopropoxy.
 5. O-ethyl-S-methoxyethyl-S-(1,2-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-ethyl)-dithiophosphate according to claim
 4. 6. O-ethyl-S-n-pentyl-S-(1,2-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-ethyl)-dithiophosphate according to claim
 3. 7. O-ethyl-S-sec.-pentyl-S-(1,2-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-ethyl)-dithiophosphate according to claim
 3. 